ã³ãŒã«ããŒã(coalport)ã®æŽå²ãšããŒã¯ããçŽ¹ä» ã€ã®ãªã¹ã§æ°åããè²åœ©ã§åé«ãå€çª¯é¶ç£åšãã©ã³ã
ç®æ¬¡
- 1 ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®æŽå²ãšæŽä»£ããã¯ã¹ã¿ã³ãã®ã玹ä»
- 1.1 ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®ããã¿ã¹ã«ããïŒãœãŒãµãŒã
- 1.2 ã³ãŒã«ããŒããã€ã³ãã£ã¢ã³ããªãŒã®ã«ããïŒãœãŒãµãŒ
- 1.3 ã³ãŒã«ããŒããããããŠã£ã³ã°ã®ã«ããïŒãœãŒãµãŒïŒã±ãŒããã¬ãŒã
- 1.4 ãµã€ã³ïŒããã¯ã¹ã¿ã³ãïŒããèŠãæŽå²ã®ç§»ãå€ãã
- 1.5 âæ§ã ãªã€ã®ãªã¹è£œã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®äœåã®ã玹ä»
æ¬æ¥ãã芧ããã ãããããšã埡座ããŸãã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã·ã§ããåºé·ã®åŠ¹å°Ÿã§ãã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®ååããæ±ãã®æ¹ã¯ãã¡ããã¯ãªãã¯
ãã¡ãã§ã¯ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®äœåã玹ä»ããŠãããŸã( ^Ï^ )â
ä»æ¥ã¯æèµ·ããŠãã³ãŒããŒãå
¥ããŠæãã¯ãã®æºåãããŠããæã«
ããã³ã³ã
ãšãããã¡ãŒã«ãå±ããŸããã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
æšæ¥ç¢ºãã«ååãåãåããŸããã
ãã£ãããšæ¢±å ããŠããè¿ éã«å¯Ÿå¿é ããŠããããšã埡座ããŸãã
ãã®ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®äœåãèŠãŠãããšçãããŠããŸããŸããã
æã èŽ æ²¢ãããæã«ã¯ã³ãŒããŒã飲ãã ãããŠäœ¿ã£ãŠããŸããèœãšãã¡ããããã§æ éã«æ±ã£ãŠããŸãã
ããã¿ã¹ã«ãããªã®ã§ããããŸã§å Žæãåããªããããã£ãšããããã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ããŠããããšæããŸãã
æ¬æ¥ã¯èŠªåãäžå¯§ã«ã察å¿é ãããããšã埡座ããŸããã
ãŸããè¯ãååããããŸããããäžè©±ã«ãªããšæããŸãã®ã§ããã®æããããããé¡ãããŸãã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ç§ç°çåšäœãKã»MããïŒæ¬äººã®äºæ¿æžã¿ïŒ
ãã®æ§ãªãé£çµ¡ãé ããŠã客æ§ã«ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®ãã¡ã³ã«ãªã£ãŠé ããŠãšãŠãå¬ããæããŸãããããªã«ããå¿ã®åºããåãã§é ããã¿ããã§æ¬åœã«è¯ãã£ãã§ãã
確ãã«ãã®ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®ããã¿ã¹ã«ããã§ã³ãŒããŒã飲ãããè³çŠã®æéãéããããã§ããã
ã¡ãªã¿ã«ååã¯ãã¡ãã«ãªããŸãã
ãšèšãèš³ã§æ¬æ¥ã¯ãããªã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®æŽå²ã«ã€ããŠè©³ããã話ããŠãããŸããã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®äœåãæ°ã«ãªãæ¹ã¯ãã¡ããã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®æŽå²ãšæŽä»£ããã¯ã¹ã¿ã³ãã®ã玹ä»
ã³ãŒã«ããŒã(coalport)瀟ã®çºç¥¥ã«ã¯è«žèª¬ãããŸããã1795幎ã«ã€ã®ãªã¹ã§ãžã§ã³ã»ããŒãºïŒ1772-1841幎ïŒ
ãšãšãã¯ãŒãã»ãã¬ãŒã¯ãŠã§ã€ïŒ1720-1811幎ïŒã«ãã£ãŠåµèšããããšãã説ãæåã§ãã
äžèª¬ã«ãããšãã³ãŒã«ããŒããšããååã®ç±æ¥ã¯ãã³ãŒã«ãã«ãã¯ããŒã«ã®éæ²³ã®è¹ããéããããç³ç(ã³ãŒã«)ãããããªããããšèšãããŠããŸãã
ã€ã³ã°ã©ã³ããã·ã¥ããŒãã·ã£ãŒå·ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã§éæ¥ããã³ãŒã«ããŒã瀟ã¯ãåè¶ããæè¡åãšçŸçã»ã³ã¹ãæã€é¶ç£åšã¡ãŒã«ãŒã§ããã¹ã¯ããŒã«ããã£ã®ã¥ãªã³ãã·ã³ãã«ã®è£œäœã§ãæåã§ãã
ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®äººåœ¢ ããŒãã£ãŒã«åºåã女æ§ã
Â
åµèšè ãžã§ã³ã»ããŒãºã¯1780幎以éãã«ãŒãã¬ã€çª¯ã®ããŒãã¹ã»ã¿ãŒããŒã®äžã§ä¿®è¡ãããŠããŸããã
ã·ã¥ãŒã«ãºããªãŒã®å åžé·ã§ãããå®æ¥å®¶ã®ãšãã¯ãŒãã»ãã¬ãŒã¯ãŠã§ã€ãšããããŒãããŒãèŠåºããã®ã¯ã圌ã«ãšã£ãŠå¹žéãªããšã§ããã
ç¬ç«ããå ãæ°å¹ŽåŸã®1799幎ããã€ãŠå€ããŠããã«ãŒãã¬ã€çª¯ãè²·åãããŸã§ã«çºå±ããŸãã
æã§ç£åºãããç³çãšç²åããäœãããé¶ç£åšã¯ãåœåãå·¥å Žã§è¡ãã®ã¯éã®äžçµµä»ããšå°å·ãå°éã®ãšãã¡ã«å¡è£ ã«éãããŠããŸããã
1819幎ããã³ãã¬ãŒãŠçª¯ã®çµå¶ã«è¡ãè©°ã£ãŠãããŠã£ãªã¢ã ã»ããªã³ã°ãºã¬ã€ïŒ1758,1828幎ïŒ
ãšåšå©¿ã®ãµãã¥ãšã«ã»ãŠã©ãŒã«ãŒãéãå ¥ããŸãã
ããªã³ã°ãºã¬ã€ã¯çµµä»åž«ã®ããŒããåãããŠã©ãŒã«ãŒã¯ãã³ãã¬ãŒãŠã®æè¡ãçšããŠãæ°ããéè¬ã®é åãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã«ãããããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ãã¥ãŒãã»ã·ã§ã€ãã®ã·ã³ãã«ãªã«ããã¯ãåªç§ãªè·äººãã¡ã«ããåªãããã¶ã€ã³ãšçŸããçµµä»ããæœãããŸããã
ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®ããã¿ã¹ã«ããïŒãœãŒãµãŒã
éè²ã§çµµä»ãã®ããããŠã£ããŒãã¿ãŒã³ããã©ãŽã³ãã¿ãŒã³ã®ãã·ãã¯ãºãªãŒæ§åŒãæš¡å£ãããã£ããŒã»ããã¯ãæ±ã€ã³ãäŒç€Ÿãæ±æŽã®è£œåã®èŒžå ¥ãäžæ¢ããããšã«ããéèŠãé«ãŸããŸãã
ãã®äžæ¹ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã¯çœç£ã®è²©å£²ã§ãæ¥çžŸãäžããŠããŸãããã³ãã¬ãŒãŠãšåããã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®çœç£ãããã³ãã³ã®çµµä»ãå·¥æ¿ãžã®åžã倧ããªåå ¥æºãšãªã£ãŠããŸããã
1820幎ã«ã¯ãç¡éé·ç³éãæœãããã§ã«ã¹ããŒç£åšãèžè¡åäŒã§éã¡ãã«ãåè³ããŠããŸãã
ãã®å¹Žããã»ãŒãã«æ§åŒãåãå ¥ããã³ãŒã«ããŒãã¯å€§ããçºå±ããããšã«ãªããŸãã
å£ã®éãããã³ãã³ã»ã·ã§ã€ããšç¹åŸŽçãªãã³ãã³ã»ãã³ãã«ã®ã«ãããçãã«äœãããŸããã
1841幎ã®ãžã§ã³ã»ããŒãºã®éå»åŸããäžççã«è©äŸ¡ãé«ãŸã£ãŠããã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®å¢ãã¯è¡°ãããç¥ã®ãŠã£ãªã¢ã ã»ãã¥ãŒãšãŠã£ãªã¢ã ã»ãã¬ããªãã¯ã»ããŒãºã«ãã£ãŠæŽãªãæé·ãéããŸããã
1845幎ã«ã¯ãŽã£ã¯ããªã¢å¥³çãããã·ã¢çåžãã³ã©ã€1äžãžã®èŽãç©ãšããŠãæ·±ããã¶ã©ã³ãã«ãŒã®ããŒããŒãæã€è±ªè¯ãªãã¶ãŒãçšã®åšã®è£œäœãäŸé ŒãããŸãã
ãã®åšã¯ã1851幎ã®ãã³ãã³äžåœå芧äŒå Žã§ãã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã»ãã¬ã¹ã«å±ç€ºãããŸããã
ãŸããäžåœå芧äŒã®å±ç€ºã®çºã«ãããªãŒã»ããŒãºããšåŒã°ãããã³ã¯è²ãéçºãããŸããã
è±ã®çµµæã§æåãªãŠã£ãªã¢ã ã»ã¯ãã¯ããšããŸãã£ãã¯ã»ããŒãã®çµµæã§ç¥ããããžã§ã³ã»ã©ã³ããŒã«ã倩䜿ã®çµµæãåŸæãšãããããŒãã»ã¢ãã©ãã ããåœæ掻èºããçµµä»åž«ãã¡ã§ãã
1875幎ããã¥ãŒã®æ»å»ã«ãã£ãŠäžæŠã¯çµå¶ãåŸããŸããã1885幎ãããŒã¿ãŒã»ãã©ããã«è²·åãããå¢ããçãè¿ããŸãã
ãã®ææã«ã¯æ³¢æã€ãããªã¹ãã€ã©ã«ã¢ãŒã«ãã£ã³ã°ã®åœ¢ç¶ã®åªé ãªã«ãããçç£ãããŸããã
ãããæ代ã®æµãã«ã¯åãŠãã1924幎ã³ãŒã«ãã³ç€Ÿã«è²·åããã1926幎ãã¹ããŒã¯ã»ãªã³ã»ãã¬ã³ãã®ã³ãŒã«ãã³å·¥å Žã«çµ±åãããŸãã
1967幎ãŠã§ããžãŠãã瀟ã«è²·åããããããŠ1986幎ããŠã©ãŒã¿ãŒãã©ãŒã瀟ãšãŠã§ããžãŠãã瀟ã®å䜵ã«åŸãã補é çµäºãšãªããŸãã
çŸåšãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®çª¯è·¡ã¯ã³ãŒã«ããŒãé¶ç£åšåç©é€šãšããŠå ¬éãããŠãããå±ç€ºãããŠããäœåããã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®æŽå²ãç¥ãããšãã§ããŸãã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®ä»£è¡šäœã«ã¯ãã€ã³ãã£ã¢ã³ããªãŒããããããŠã£ã³ã°ã
ããã³ãã£ã³ã°ã·ãŒã³ããªã©ããããŸãã
ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãããã³ãã£ã³ã°ã·ãŒã³ã
ãã³ãã£ã³ã°ã·ãŒã³ã¯çŸåšãŠã§ããžãŠãã瀟ã«è²·åãããã®ãæ©ã«ããŠã§ããžãŠãã瀟ãå±éããŠããçµµä»ããªã®ã§æåã«ãã³ãã£ã³ã°ã·ãŒã³ãã€ã¡ãŒãžããã®ã¯ããŠã§ããžãŠããã®æ¹ã§ã¯ãªãããšæããŸããå®ã¯ããã¯ã³ãŒã«ããŒããå ã«äœã£ãŠãããã¶ã€ã³ã ã£ãã®ã§ããã
ãã®ãã¶ã€ã³ã®èµ·æºãªã®ã§ããåšããçµµãããããéã«æžããçµµãããšãŠãå¯æãããããããã®ãŸãŸååã«ãããšãããŠããŸãã
ããèšãããŠèŠãã°ãã³ãã£ã³ã°ã·ãŒã³ã ãä»ã®ååãšéããå¯æãããäœåã«ä»äžãã£ãŠããã®ãããªãããŸãã
ãã€ã³ãã£ã¢ã³ããªãŒãã¯1891-1920幎ã«ãããŠãã¶ã€ã³ãããã
ã·ãã¯ãºãªãŒã®æšãè±ãé ããããšããŸãã£ãã¯ãªãã¶ã€ã³ã§ãã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒããã€ã³ãã£ã¢ã³ããªãŒã®ã«ããïŒãœãŒãµãŒ
  Â
ãããããŠã£ã³ã°ãã¯æã¡æãã³ãŠã¢ãªã®ç¿Œã«ãã£ããã§ãã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒããããããŠã£ã³ã°ã®ã«ããïŒãœãŒãµãŒïŒã±ãŒããã¬ãŒã
çŸããææãã®è±æš¡æ§ãé ããé圩ãæœãããã³ãŒã«ããŒããã£ãŒã«ããã«ã¯ãã³ãã«ããã«ãŒã
ã¢ããã«ã°ãªãŒã³ããã³ã¯ãã¿ãŒã³ã€ãºãã©ã€ã©ãã¯ãã€ãšããŒã
ã«ããŒãªã©è±å¯ãªã«ã©ãŒããªãšãŒã·ã§ã³ããããŸãã
ããã³ãã£ã³ã°ã·ãŒã³ãã¯è²Žæã®çç©ãã®æ§åãæãããã®ã§ãéã³å¿ã®ãããŠããŒã¯ãªãã¶ã€ã³ã§ãã
çŸåšã§ã¯ãŠã§ããžãŠããã®ã·ãªãŒãºãšããŠç¥ãããŠããŸãã
ä»ã«ããã³ãã«ãšè¶³ã®éšåãããŒãã®ãã¶ã€ã³ã®ãã€ã³ã°ã©ã³ãã®ãã©ããã
ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãžãªãŒãããããªã©ã®ã·ãªãŒãºããããŸãã
人æ°ã®é«ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®ãã£ã®ã¥ãªã³ã¯ãçŸããæ圩è²ã§å°å¥³ã貎婊人ãã¡ã®å§¿ãè¡šçŸããŠããŸãã
ããªãŒã¢ã³ãã¯ãããããã³ããã¥ãŒã«å€«äººããžã§ãŒãã£ãŒãçåãªã©æŽå²äžã®äººç©ã象ã£ããã®ã
ãç ãã森ã®çŸå¥³ããèµ€æ¯ã®ã¢ã³ããã¢ã«ïœ¥ãã©ã³ããŒãºããªã©ç©èªã®ããã€ã³ãã¢ããŒãã«ãããã®ããããŸãã
ãµã€ã³ïŒããã¯ã¹ã¿ã³ãïŒããèŠãæŽå²ã®ç§»ãå€ãã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒã瀟ã¯ããã®é·ãæŽå²ã®ãªãã§ãã³ãŒã«ãã«ãã¯ããŒã«ã®ããŒã¯ãã
ã»ãŒãã«ããã§ã«ã·ãŒã®ãç䌌ããã®ãªã©ãããããã®ããŒã¯ã䜿ã£ãŠããŸããã
å®ã¯1805幎ããåã®ãæ¬åœã«åæã®é ã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒã瀟ã¯èªç€Ÿã®ååã«ããŒã¯ãã€ããŠãŸããã§ããã
1805幎ãã1820幎ãŸã§ã®éãã»ãšãã©ã€ããããšã¯ãªãã£ããšèšãããŠããŸãã
ã§ãã®ã§ãåæã®ã³ãŒã«ãã«ãã¯ããŒã«ã®ããŒã¯ã®ã€ãããã®ã¯ãšãŠã貎éãªãã§ãã
1810幎ãã1825幎é ãŸã§ãæ°å°ãªãããŒã¯ã®ä»ããé¶åšã«ã¯ã
éãäžçµµã®å ·ã§ãå°å ã®ã³ãŒã«ãã«ãã¯ããŒã«ããç±æ¥ããâCoalbrookdaleâ, âCDâ or âC. Daleâ ãšèšãããŠããŸãã
ã«ã©ãã«ã§è±ã®æš¡æ§ãã€ãããããªæŽŸæãªè£œåã®äžã«ã¯ãå£ã亀差ããããŒã¯ãä»ãããã®ããã£ãããã§ãã
1815幎ãã1825幎ãŸã§ãããã€ãã®ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®è£œåã«ã¯çªå·ãçŒãä»ããããŠããŸããã
â2âããã€ãã®ãäžçªå€ããâ1âãšâ6âã¯ã¬ã¢ã ãšèšãããŠããŸãã
1820幎ã®6æãã1830幎ãŸã§ãæåãªçç«æèžåäŒïŒâSociety of ArtsâïŒãšããããŒã¯ãã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®è£œåã«ã€ããããããã«ãªããŸããã
â1825幎é ã®è£œåãå質åäžãæå³ããâimprovedâã
çç«æèžåäŒããããŠäžè¬çãªâïŒâã®çªå·ã®ã€ããããŒã¯
1830幎ãã1850幎é ãŸã§ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã¯â JOHN ROSE & Co. âãšããåœæã®ç€Ÿåãšã
æã«ã¯äœæãèšããããŒã¯ãæ°å€ãã®è£œåã«ã€ããããã«ãªããŸããã
äŸãã°ã1850幎ã«ãžã§ã³â¢ããŒãºããŽã£ã¯ããªã¢ã»ã¢ã³ãã»ã¢ã«ããŒãåç©é€šã«åºåãã
é¶åšã«ã¯âJOHN ROSE â COALBROOK DALE â 1850âãšèšãããŠããŸããã
1850幎ãã1870幎ã«ã¯ãâJ. R. & Co. â ã âJ R & Coâ.ã®ããã«è¡šèšãããããã«ãªãã
ãè±åœã®é¶åšããšããæã®â English Porcelain â.ãšæžãããããšããããŸããã
1845幎ãã1855幎é ãŸã§ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã¯å€ãã®ã»ãŒãã«ããŸãã¯ãã§ã«ã·ãŒã®æš¡é åãäœãã
ãã®äžã«ã¯ãããã®ããŒã¯ã®ã³ããŒãèšããããã®ããããŸãã
ãã§ã«ã·ãŒã®ããŒã¯ã®ã³ããŒã¯ãéã®ããããå°ã倧ããã
ã»ãŒãã«ã®ããŒã¯ã®ã³ããŒã«ã¯âïœâãé ã«ã€ããŠãã®ã§èŠåãã¯ã€ãããã§ãã
1851幎é ãã1861幎ãŸã§ã¯ãç¹ã«æããããŠäœããã補åã«ã¯éã§ãCBDããšèšãããŠããŸããã
1861幎ãã1875幎é ãŸã§ã¯ããïŒãããŒã¯ã®ä»ãããã®ãããèŠãããŸããã
1870幎ãã1880幎é ãŸã§ã¯ãé£åšã«æãããè¶è²ãåã®äžã«ã
â C AD 1750 & AD 1790 â ãšæžãããããŒã¯ãããæŒãããŠããŸããã
1875幎ãã1881幎é ãŸã§ã«ã¯ãâ COALPORT AD 1750 âãšæŒããããã®ãå€ãã£ãããã§ãã
1881幎ãã1939幎é ãŸã§ã«ã¯ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã¯çå ã®ããŒã¯ã䜿ãããã«ãªããŸããã
1891幎ããã¯âEnglandâã®æåãã1920幎ããã¯â Made In England âã®æåãå ¥ãããã«ãªããŸããã
åºæ¬çãªã³ãŒã«ããŒã瀟ã®çå ããŒã¯ã¯ãæ§ã ãªååããèŠã€ããããšãã§ããŸãã
1960幎é ã«ã¯ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã¯çå ã®ããŒã¯ã«æçŽããããã³ãŒã«ãã«ãã¯ããŒã«ã®ããŒã¯ãåå°å ¥ããŸããã
è²ã ãªã³ãŒã«ããŒã瀟ã®ããŒã¯ãããã€ãç»åã§çŽ¹ä»ããŸãã
1870幎ïœ1880幎é ã®ããŒã¯
ãããäžè¬çãªçå ã®ããŒã¯ã§ãã
1886幎é ã®ããŒã¯
1891幎ãã1919幎ã®ããŒã¯
ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã1901幎é ã®ããŒã¯
1891幎ãã1919幎é ã®ããŒã¯ã
å°å£²åºã®ããŒã¯ãã€ããŠãŸããã
ããã¯çããæç« ã ãã«ããããŒã¯ã
1960幎é ã®ãã£ã¿ãŒãã¢ããŒã¯ãšåŒã°ãããã®ã
1977幎ã®ããŒã¯ããã«ã³ã ããŒãããã®ã³ããã«ã€ããŠãããã®ã
âæ§ã ãªã€ã®ãªã¹è£œã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®äœåã®ã玹ä»
ãã®ãã¬ã€ãªããŒã«ãã«ãŒãšãŽãŒã«ãã®çµã¿åããã
ç®ã«ãçŸãããŠããŠãããæ°åã«ãããŠãããŸããã
äžããèŠäžãããšãåèã®ã¯ããŒããŒã®åœ¢ãããŠãããã§ããã
ãã®çµã¿åããããšã£ãŠãã©ãããŒãªã¢ã€ãã ã®ãããªæ°ãããŸãããïŒ
ãã®çŽ æµãªã«ãããæ¯æ¥çºããããæé£æã«ã³ãŒããŒã飲ãã ãããã°
éæ°ãã¢ãããããã§ãã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒã ãšã¹ãã¬ããœã«ããïŒãœãŒãµãŒ
ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®å°ããªå°ããªãããã§ãã
ãšã¡ã©ã«ãã°ãªãŒã³ç³»ã®çœãããªã«ã©ãŒãšãŽãŒã«ãã
ç·å¥³ãåããããã®è²äœ¿ãã¯ã奜ããªæ¹ãå€ãã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããã
ãã¹ãã«ãã³ã¯ã®ããŒãã«ããããã²ããŠãæ¥ã®ãè¶äŒã®ç䌌äºã§ã
ããããªããããªããããªåŠæ³ãæ±ãããŠãããçŸããã§ãã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒããå°ããªãã£ãŒããã
ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãå°éã·ã§ããããåå€ãã€ã»ã³ã
ã§ã¯çŸåšã§ã¯èŠã€ããã®ãé£ãããªã£ãã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®ã¢ã³ãã£ãŒã¯äœåãåãæããŠãããŸãã
ã³ãŒã«ããŒãã®äœåããæ±ãã®æ¹ã¯äžèšã®ç»åãã¯ãªãã¯ããŠã·ã§ãããã芧ãã ããã