ãã«ã©ã®æŽå²ã«ã€ããŠ
æ¬æ¥ãã芧ããã ãããããšã埡座ããŸãâ«â«
ãã«ã©å°éé販åæ±åº
åå€ã¢ã³ãã£ãŒã¯åºé·ã®å 寿çŸã§ã(*^^*)
ä»æ¥ã¯ãé«çŽã¬ã©ã¹ã®ä»£åè©ãã«ã©ã«ã€ããŠã話ãããŠãããŸã(*^^*)
ãã«ã©ã®æŽå²ã¯18äžçŽåŸåãã19äžçŽåé ã«ãããŠã€ã®ãªã¹ã§èµ·ãã£ãç£æ¥é©åœãŸã§é¡ããŸãâïžâš
ç£æ¥é©åœã¯ç£æ¥ã®çºéã ãã§ãªãã人ã ã®ç掻ã倧ããå€ããäºã«ãªããŸããã
銬è»ããééãžãæå·¥æ¥ããæ©æ¢°çç£ãžã·ãããæ¥åžžåã®å€§åã倧éçç£å¯èœãšãªããŸããâš
ç£æ¥é©åœä»¥åã¯çŸè¡åã»èžè¡åã¯äžéšã®å¯è£å±€ã»è²ŽæéçŽã ãã«éãããŠããŸããããç£æ¥é©åœåŸã¯äžè¬åº¶æ°ã«éæŸãããæ代ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸãã(^^)âª
å®¶å ·ã»é£åšé¡ã»ãã®ä»æ¥çšåãšãã£ãçæŽ»å¿ éåã§ãã£ãŠããèžè¡çãªäŸ¡å€ãåãå ¥ãç掻ã«åã蟌ã¿ãæ°è»œã«æ¥œããæ代ãè¿ããããšããŠããŸããã
åœæã®ç£æ¥é©åœãããã«åº¶æ°ã®ç掻ã«å€åãããããããããããŸããâšâš
ç¥ããªã人ã¯ããªããšèšã£ãŠãéèšã§ã¯ãªãã»ã©ã«ããã®å声ã¯ç¥ãæž¡ãã補åã¯æ°žã幎æãäžçäžã®äººã ã«æããç¶ããŠããŸãã
ã§ããããã®æ è¯ã®åœ±ã«ãèŠé£ã®æ¥ã ããã£ãããšããåç¥ã®æ¹ã¯ãããŸãå€ãã¯ãªãã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããâ
250幎ã®æŽå²ãèªããã«ã©ããã©ã®ããã«åµæ¥ããçŽäœæ²æãçµãŠãããŸã§æããããã©ã³ããšãªã£ãŠããã®ããé ãè¿œã£ãŠã玹ä»ããããšæããŸãã
Â
ããã«ã©å·¥å Žã®åµæ¥ã
18äžçŽåŸåã®ãã©ã³ã¹ã¯ããã®é ã®ãšãŒãããè«žåœã®ã¬ã©ã¹å·¥èžã®äŒçµ±ãšã¯å°ã ç°ãªã£ãéãæ©ãã§ããŸããã
ç䟯貎æãã¡ã®éã§ãµãã³ãæµè¡ããé£æåãçºå±ããŸãããããµãã³ã§äœ¿ãããŠããã°ã©ã¹ã¯ãã»ãŒããããã¢ãªã©ãã¬ã©ã¹å·¥èžã®çºå±ããŠããä»åœããã®èŒžå ¥åã§ããã
èŒžå ¥éã¯å¹Žã å¢ããŠãããä»åœã«æ¯æãé¡ã¯çžåœãªé¡ã«ã®ãŒãããã©ã³ã¹åœå ã¯è²¡æ¿é£ã«ãããã§ããŸããðŠ
æãåããããŠããã©ã³ã¹åæ±éšãã¬ãŒãå°æ¹ã®ãã«ã©æã§ã¯ãæå¯äžã®ç£æ¥ã§ãã補塩æ¥ããåæã®æ¡åãå°é£ã«ãªã£ãããã«å»æ¥ã«ããããŸããŠããŸããã
ãã«ã©æã¯ã補塩æ¥ã§çæãšããŠäœ¿ã£ãŠããèªçãè±å¯ã«ãšããã森æã®è±ããªå°åã§ãð²
補塩æ¥ãã ãã«ãªããšããããšã¯ã補塩æ¥è ã ãã§ãªããææ¥ã«ãããã人ã ãŸã§å€±æ¥ã«ããããŸããŠããŸããŸãã
ãã«ã©æã§ã¯ã圌ãã«ä»äºãäŸçµŠãããæ°ããªç£æ¥ãèŠã€ããå¿ èŠããããŸããã
ããã§èãã€ããã®ããã¬ã©ã¹å·¥æ¥ã ã£ãã®ã§ãã
ãã«ã©æã¯ãã¬ã©ã¹è£œé ã«å¿ èŠãªå€§éã®çæããæã®è±ããªæ£®æãããæ°Žãã ã«ãå·ããæã«å ¥ãããããæé«ã®ç«å°ã§ããããã
ããããŠããã¬ãŒãå°æ¹ã®é äž»ã§ãã£ãã¢ã³ã¢ã©ã³ã·ãŒã»ã©ãã«åžæã¯ããã«ã©æå建ã®ãããã«ã€15äžã«è«é¡æžãæåºããŸããã
ãã®å 容ã¯ããã§ã³ãªã©ä»åœãžã®è²šå¹£æµåºãé£ãæ¢ããããããã«ã©æã«ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹å·¥å Žã®èšç«ãèš±å¯ããŠã»ããããšãããã®ã§ããã
ãã®çµæã1764幎ã«ç¹èš±æš©ã賊äžãããç¿å¹Ž1765幎ã«ã¯ã¬ã©ã¹å·¥å Žãèšç«ããã«ããããŸããâš
ããããŠãåœããããŠæ°ããªã¬ã©ã¹å·¥èžãè²æããŠããããšãšãªã£ãã®ã§ããã
å·¥å Žã¯ãèšç«è ã¢ã³ãã¯ãŒãã»ã«ããŒã®åããããã«ããŒã»ã¬ã©ã¹å·¥å Žããšããååã§åµæ¥ããŸããã
3幎åŸã®1768幎ã«ã¯ããã«ã©ã»ã¬ã©ã¹å·¥å Žãã«æ¹åããããã®åŸãäœåºŠãæ¹åãåç£ãè²·åãç¹°ãè¿ããŸãããå·¥å Žèªäœã¯ééãããããšããªããçºå±ããšããŠãããŸããã
ãå·¥å Žã®çºå±ã
çç£æ¹åŒã¯ãåœåã¯ã空äžã§ç«¿ã«æ¯ãå¹ã蟌ã¿ãªããæåããŠãããå®å¹ããäžå¿ã§ãããããããŠãåã«å¹ã蟌ãã§æåãããåå¹ããæ¹åŒãåãå ¥ããããéç£ãå¯èœã«ãªããŸããã
ãŸãããã®ä»ã®é¢ã§ãçååãã¯ããããéç£ã§ããäœå¶ãæŽãå§ããŸããã
äœåºŠã転売ãç¹°ãè¿ããåŸãå·¥å Žãè²·åãã3人ã®æè³å®¶ãã¡ã¯ãå·¥å Žãæ ªåŒå ¬éäŒç€Ÿãšããæ°ããæè¡ã次ã ã«åãå ¥ããŸããã
éåã«æº¶ããã¬ã©ã¹ãæµããã¿ãããã«å¥ã®åãæŒã蟌ãã§æåãããåæŒããææ³ããå§æŸç©ºæ°ã䜿ãæåæ¹æ³ãªã©ãå°å ¥ããã®ã§ãã
ãããã£ãæ°ããæè¡ãå°å ¥ããããšã«ãããçç£ã³ã¹ããå€§å¹ ã«æžå°ããã®ã§ãäŸ¡æ Œãäœãæããããããã«ãªããŸããã
ãã®åãå質ãããçšåºŠèœã¡ãŠããããã顧客局ããä»ãŸã§ã®äžæµéçŽããäžç£éçŽã«ç§»ã£ãŠãããŸããã
ããããŠããã«ã©ã®ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ã®éèŠã¯å¢å€§ããŠãã£ãã®ã§ãã
éèŠã«å¿ãããããå€çš®å€æ§ãªè£œåãäœãå¿ èŠãã§ãŠããå·¥å Žã¯ãèŠæš¡ãã©ãã©ãæ¡åŒµããåŸæ¥å¡æ°ã幎ã å¢ããŠãããŸãã‎‎
ãã®éã«ãçµå¶å±æ©ã¯ãããŸãããããã«ã©å·¥å Žã¯ãæ°ãã補åã®éçºã«åãå ¥ããå±æ©ããã®ããŸããã
ãã®äžäŸãã玹ä»ããŸããšããã«ã©ã§ã¯ã19äžçŽååãåœææµè¡ãããžã£ãããºãªãŒïŒæ¥æ¬è¶£å³ã®çŸè¡æ§åŒïŒãã·ãã¯ãºãªãŒïŒäžåœè¶£å³ã®çŸè¡æ§åŒïŒãåãå ¥ãã補åãäœã£ãŠããŸããã
ãŸãããã®é ããŠã©ã³ãçè²å€ãšããŠå ãããŠã©ã³ã¬ã©ã¹ãçºæããããã«ã©å·¥å Žã§ãããã®èå ã®çŸããé»ç·è²ã垯ã³ããŠã©ã³ã¬ã©ã¹ã®ç 究ã«åãçµã¿ãŸããã
ãŸããåµæ¥åœåã¯ããã®åœæã®æé«æè¡ã»ãã¶ã€ã³ã§ãã£ããããã¢ã³ã°ã©ã¹ãšç«¶åããããšãç®æããŠããããããããã¢ã³æ§åŒã®åœ±é¿ã補åã«åŒ·ãåºãŠããŸããããå·¥å Žãçºå±ããŠããã«ã€ããããã ãã§ã¯ã ãã ãšããããšã«ãªããæ°ããªæ¹åã暡玢ããŸããã
ãããŠããšãŒãããã®æŽå²ããåäœãåèã«ããããšãšããåäœã®æ§åŒã«åœ±é¿ãåãã補åã次ã çã¿åºãããã«ãªããŸããã
ãããŠ1855幎ã第äžåããªäžåœå芧äŒã«ãã°ã©ã¹ã®ã¿ãªãããã·ã£ã³ããªã¢ã倧ããªçå°ãåŽæ°Žãªã©1000ç¹ä»¥äžãåºåãããã«ã©ã¯ãåããŠéã¡ãã«ãåè³ããŸãã
ãã«ã©ã®ååãäžçã«ç¥ãæž¡ãããšãšãªã£ããé倧ãªã§ãããšã§ããâš
1867幎ã«éå¬ããã第äºåããªäžåœå芧äŒã«ã¯ããã«ã©ã¯ãã«ããŒã¬ããããããããªå€§åã®è±ç¶ããµã€ã¢ã³ããŒã¹ããããã³ãããŠã«äžåŒãªã©å€ãã®äœåãåºåããã°ã©ã³ããªãåè³ããŸããã
ãã®æ¬¡ã®1878幎ã®ç¬¬äžåããªäžåœå芧äŒã§ã¯ãé»é象ã®ãªãã¥ãŒã«ã»ããããã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã®çå°ãªã©ãåºåããåã³ã°ã©ã³ããªãåè³ããå声ãäžå±€åŒ·åºãªãã®ã«ããã®ã§ããâ§
ãšãããããããŸã§ã®è©äŸ¡ãåŸãã«ããããããããã«ã©ã®äœåãžã®æ¹å€ãããããåºãŠããŸããã
ãã«ã©ã®äœåããéå»ã®åäœã®æš¡å£ã«ããããç¬èªæ§ãåµé æ§ããªãããšããã®ã§ãã
ããããã®ã¯ããå ã»ã©è¿°ã¹ãéãããã®é ã®ãã«ã©ã®äœåã¯ãæŽå²çåäœããªãã£ãŠããã«éããªãã£ãã®ã§ãã
ã転ææã
ãã«ã©ã¯ããã³ããæ¹å€ã«è³ãåŸãã1889幎ã®ããªäžåœå芧äŒãžã®åºå±ãåããããŸããã
ãã®ä»£ãããäŒç€ŸãšããŠãå·¥å Žã®åŸæ¥å¡ã®åŸ éãæ¹åããæ¹éãæ瀺ããŸããã
ããã¯ã瀟å ã®åŸæ¥å¡ã ãã§ãªããäžéäžè¬ã«ãããå°è±¡ãäžããäŒç€Ÿã€ã¡ãŒãžã®åäžã«ã€ãªãããŸããã
ããããŠããã«ã©ç€Ÿã¯ãçŸå ŽåŽåè ã倧åã«ããäŒç€ŸãšããŠãåŸæ¥å¡ãããäžéããã倧ããªä¿¡é ŒãåŸãããšãšãªããŸããã
ããã«ããã補åã®å質åäžã«åŸæ¥å¡ãäžäžžãšãªã£ãŠåãçµãããã«ãªãããããŸã§å°é£ã ã£ããã«ã©ã®ç¬èªæ§ãé«ããŠããæ¹åãžãšã転æããŠãã£ãã®ã§ããã
ãŸããç®æã顧客局ãäžæµã®å¯è£å±€ãšããæ¹éãããã®é ããããããã®ã§ããã
ãå€çš®å€æ§ãªè£œåãäœãããŠããŸããã
ãã«ã©ã®è£œåã¯ãåµæ¥åœåããæ§ã ãªæ§åŒããã¶ã€ã³ãæ代ããšã«äœãåºããŠããŸããã
åãã¯ãåœæã®æé«æè¡ã§ãããäžççã«æµè¡ããŠãããããã¢ã³ã°ã©ã¹ã®åœ±é¿ãåããã«ãããé圩ãã°ã©ãŽã£ãŒã«åœ«å»ããšãã¡ã«é圩ãªã©ãã»ã©ãããããŒãã«ã°ã©ã¹ãè±åšãäœãããŸããã
ç»å·¥ãžã£ã³ã»ãã©ã³ãœã¯ã»ãããŒã«ã¯ã18äžçŽã«ãšãŒãããã§æµè¡ãããçœè²ã¬ã©ã¹ã«ãšãã¡ã«åœ©è²ãã»ã©ããçœç£åšã®ãããªã¬ã©ã¹è£œåãåçŸããè¯ãããªæ€ç©ææ§ã®è±åšã·ãªãŒãºãªã©ã§å€§å€ãªäººæ°ãåããŸããã
19äžçŽäžé ãã20äžçŽåãã«ãããŠã¯ãããŒããŒãŠã§ã€ããéŠæ°Žç¶ãäœãããããã«ãªããè©å€ãšãªããŸããã
åœæã¯ç¬ç¹ãªå å·¥æè¡ãçšããŠäœãããããŒããŒãŠã§ã€ãã§ãããçŸåšã§ã人æ°ããããã¢ãã³ãªãã¶ã€ã³ã®ãã®ãäœãããŠããŸãã
éŠæ°Žç¶ã¯ãããããã®éŠæ°Žãã©ã³ãã®æåã«æ²¿ã£ã豪è¯ãªãã¶ã€ã³ã®ç¶ãæ°å€ãäœãåºãããäžã®éŠæ°Žãè¯ããã«æŒåºããŸããã
ãããŠããªããšãã£ãŠããã«ã©ã®è±¡åŸŽçãªè£œåãšããã°ããã¯ãããŒãã«ãŠã§ã¢ã§ãð·
1823幎ã«ã«ã€18äžããã°ã©ã¹ã»ããã®æ³šæãåããŠä»¥éããã«ã©ã®ããŒãã«ãŠã§ã¢ã¯äžçã®ç䟯貎æã®éã§è©å€ãšãªãã1825幎ã«ã¯ãä»ãäœãç¶ããããŠãããã¢ã«ã¯ãŒã«ãã·ãªãŒãºãèªçããŸããã
ãã¢ã«ã¯ãŒã«ãã¯ãæ·±ããã©ããã«ãããçŸãããçŸåšã§ã人æ°ãåããŠããããã«ã©ã®ä»£åè©ãšããããã·ãªãŒãºã§ãã
ãã®ã¢ã«ã¯ãŒã«ãã¯ããããã«ã©ã®ããŒãã«ãŠã§ã¢ã¯ããã«ã©ã®æ§ã ãªè£œåã®äžã§ãäžçäžã®äººã ã«æããç¶ããé«ãè©äŸ¡ãåŸãŠããŸãð
ä»ã§ã¯äžçã«æ¯é¡ãªãå°äœãåŸãŠãããã«ã©ã§ãããéå»ã«ã¯èŸé žããªããããšããããŸããã
ããããéå»ãçµãŠãæ§ã ãªå·¥å€«ãšåªåãéããçŸåšã®å°äœã«ãŸã§ã®ãŒãã€ããã®ã§ããã
é·ãé·ãæŽå²ã«æããã¯ããã°ããã«ã©ã®ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã®ãã°ããããããå³ããããšãã§ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããâ
ãéæ床ã®é«ãã¬ã©ã¹ã®èªçã
15äžçŽåŸåé ããã€ã¿ãªã¢ã®ãŽã§ããã¢ã§ããœãŒãç°ãåæãšããŠéæ床ãé«ãçŸããã¬ã©ã¹ãäœããå§ããããŠããŸããã
ãã®åŸãåªç§ãªã¬ã©ã¹è·äººéããšãŒãããå šåã«æ£ãã°ããåå°ã§æ§ã ãªã¬ã©ã¹è£œåãäœãããããã«ãªããŸããã
ãã®ãªãã§ããããã¢å°æ¹ã§ã«ãªãŠã ãšç³è±ãã¬ã©ã¹è£œé ã®åæãšããŠå ãçŽåºŠã®é«ãéæ床ã®é«ãã¬ã©ã¹ã®è£œæ³ãéçºãããäºã¯ç»æçãªåºæ¥äºã§ãããðâš
ãã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ã®èªçã
1671幎ã«ã€ã®ãªã¹ã®ã¬ã©ã¹å·¥å Žã§äžçåã®ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹âšãèªçããŸãã(^^)âªâª
ãã®ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ã®èªçã«ã¯ã¬ã©ã¹è·äººéã®åµæ工倫ã®ããšå¶ç¶ã«çãŸããŸããã
åœæã®ã€ã®ãªã¹ã§ã¯ãé è¹ã»å»ºç¯ãªã©ãžã®åªå ã«ãããçæãæšæããç³çã«ç§»è¡ããã€ã€ãã£ãæ代ã§ã¬ã©ã¹å¶äœããå€åã«æŒããç³çã䜿çšããŠã¬ã©ã¹å¶äœãããŠããŸããã
ãã®ç³çããæåºãããã¬ã¹ã«ãã£ãŠã¬ã©ã¹ã®æ質ãå€åãããšããåé¡ç¹ã«æ©ãŸãããŠããŸããã
ãã®çµæãéçºãããææ³ãåææã®æªåãé²ãç®çãšæº¶è§£æž©åºŠãäœãããçºã«é
žåéã
é
åãããçµæãå¶ç¶ã«ãä»ãŸã§ã®ã¬ã©ã¹ã«ãªãã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã®ãããªéææãæã€åªçŸãªã¬ã©ã¹ãèªçããŸãããâšâš
ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã®ååã®ç±æ¥ã¯ããŸãã§æ°Žæ¶ãïŒROCK CRYSTALïŒã®ããã ããšããèšèããšç±æ¥ãšãªã£ãŠããããã§ãâšâš
ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ã®å質ãé«ããæè¡ã¯ããã®åŸãç¶ã17äžçŽãã18äžçŽã«ãããŠãçé žã«ãªãŠã ã®çŒæãæŽé±ã貎éãªçœãçªç ã®éžå¥ãè¯è³ªã®éã«ããé žåéã®çæãªã©çŽåºŠã®é«ãåæã®ç»å Žãšå ±ã«ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ã®å質ãé«ãŸã£ãŠãããŸããã
ãŸããã€ã®ãªã¹ã§ã®ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ã®éçºã®æåã¯ãšãŒãããåå°ã®ã¿ãªããåç±³ãã€ã³ãã«ãæ³¢åããããã§ãã ðâŒïž
ãã€ã®æ代ãæ°ããæè¡ãçã¿åºãã®ã¯å€§å€ã§ããã»ã»ã»ðŠ
ããã«ã©ç€Ÿã®åç¹ã
1764幎ããã©ã³ã¹ã®ãã¬ãŒãå°æ¹ã®åéšã«ãããã«ã©æã«ãããŠã床éãªãæŠäºã§è¡°ããçµæžã埩èãããããšåžæã¢ã³ã¢ã¬ã³ã·ãŒã»ã©ãã«ãã¬ã©ã¹æ¥çãžã®åå
¥ãèæ¡ããåœæã®åœçã§ããã«ã€15äžã«ã¬ã©ã¹å·¥å Žã®èšç«ã®è«é¡ããã ã«ãå·ã®å³å²žã«ã¬ã©ã¹å·¥å Žã建èšããŸããã
åµæ¥åœæã¯ãçªã¬ã©ã¹ãé¡ããã³ãªã©ã®æ¥çšåãäžå¿ã ã£ãããã§ãã
æå€ãªæãã§ããã
ã§ãããã«ã©ã®çªã¬ã©ã¹ãªããŠçŽ æµãããªãã§ããâšâš
ä»ã§ã¯é«çŽãããŠæã«å±ããªãã»ã»ã»ðŠ
ãŸããè·äººãããã«åéå¯èœãªããã«ãè·äººãå·¥å ŽåšèŸºã«äœå± ãæ§ããããåäžçºã®ãããªå°ããªç€ŸäŒãããã«èªçããŸããã
掻æ°ãããè·äººã倧åã«ããŠããã®ãæããšããŸããã(*^^*)
ããã«ã©ç€Ÿã®ä»£åè©ãã¢ã«ã¯ãŒã«ãã·ãªãŒãºèªçã
1823幎ã«åœæã®åœçã«ã€18äžããã«ã©ã®ã°ã©ã¹ã»ããã泚æããŸããð·
ãã®åŸããšãŒããã貎æã®éã§ãããªãæçšããã1825幎ã«ã¢ã«ã¯ãŒã«äŸ¯çµå®¶ã®
çºã«äœæãããŸããð¶ã
ãã®ã¢ã«ã¯ãŒã«ã¯ãæ·±ããã©ãããªã«ãããç¹åŸŽã§ã©ã£ãããšããéã¿ãæ»ãããªè§Šãå¿å°ããé ã泚ãã æã®çŸããã«ãããŠäžçŽã®èŒããæŸã£ãŠããŸãã
ãã®äžçŽã®èŒãããä»æ¥ãŸã§é·ãæããç¶ããããŠãããã«ã©ã®ä»£åè©ãšããããã¢ã«ã¯ãŒã«ã·ãªãŒãºðãèªçããŸãã(^O^)ïŒ
ããã«ã©ç€Ÿã®è»¢æ©ã
ãã«ã©ç€Ÿã倧ããªè»¢æ©ãè¿ããã®ã¯1851幎以éããšãŒãããåå°ã§éå¬ãããäžåœå芧äŒã§ããã
ç£æ¥é©åœä»¥éãå·¥å Žã®ãªãŒãã¡ãŒã·ã§ã³åãé²ã¿ãå®äŸ¡ã«å®¶å ·ãè£ é£Ÿåçã倧éçç£ã§ããããã«ãªããŸãããã倧éçç£ã«ããå質äœäžããã¶ã€ã³ã®é³è åã¯å ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã§ããã
ãããŠã倧éçç£ã«ããåäžãªè£œåã«è¥¿æŽè«žåœã®äººã ã«åŸã ã«é£œããŠãããŸãããðŠ
人ã ã¯è³ªãé«ããã¶ã€ã³æ§ã«å¯ãã 補åã«æ§ãããã€ããã«ãªããŸããã
ã¡ããã©ãã®é å·¥èžåã®é»éæãšåŒã°ãããã«ã»ãšããã¯æïŒ1880ïœ1910幎é ïŒãè¿ããããšã«ãªããŸãã
ãã«ã»ãšããã¯ïŒè¯ãæ代ïŒçŸããæ代ïŒãšã¯ããã©ã³ã¹ã«ããã19äžçŽæ«ãã1914幎ã«ç¬¬äžæ¬¡äžç倧æŠãåçºãããŸã§ã®çŽ25幎éãæãããã§ãã
ãã®ãã«ã»ãšããã¯æã¯åœæããŸã ãŸã æ¿æ²»çã«äžå®å®ãªãã®ç¬¬äžå ±åå¶ã®çã£åªäžã§ãããç£æ¥é©åœããã£ãããšæµžéããŠè³æ¬äž»çŸ©çµæžã®åœ±é¿ã人ã ã®ç掻ãŸã§åã¶ããã«ãªã£ãŠããŸããâš
ãã©ã³ã¹ã®éŠéœã§ããããªã«ããã®åœ±é¿ã§äººå£ãéäžãããã³ã»ãã«ã·ã§çŸè²šåºã1887幎ã«ãªãã¥ãŒã¢ã«ã»ãªãŒãã³ããããšãå¥æ©ã«æ¶è²»æåã®å¹éããšãªããŸããã
1900幎ã«ã¯çŽ5,000äžäººãã®å ¥å Žè æ°ãèšé²ãã第ïŒåããªäžåœå芧äŒãéå¬ãããããã«äŒŽãå幎ã«å°äžéãééãæ¥éã«è¿ä»£åãããã¿ãããã«äŒŽã人ã ã®æ¶è²»ãæ¡å€§ããæ代ã§ããâš
ãã©ã³ã¹ã°ããã«èŠãããçŸè±¡ã§ã¯ãªããšãŒãããã®äž»èŠååœã«ãããŠã倧æŠåã®äžæã®å¹³åã謳æããŠããæ代ã§ããããŸããââš
ä»ã§ãããªã¯èžè¡ããã¡ãã·ã§ã³ã®æå
端ã§æ§ãã®å Žæã ãã©ãåœæã®è¯ãããèŠããé©ãã§ããããðâŒ
ãã®ãªãã§ããžã£ããã¹ã ãšèšãããæ¥æ¬æåãåãå
¥ããææ³ã¯ããã©ã³ã¹ãäžå¿ã«æ§ã
ãªçŸè¡åã«å€å€§ãªåœ±é¿ãäžãã1850幎以éãçãã«åãå
¥ããããããã«ãªããŸããã
ãŸãã1855幎ã®ããªäžåœå芧äŒã§åèªå€§è³ãåè³ããã°ã©ã¹ããããŒãã³ãã·ãªãŒãºã§ãã
ãã®é ããã¬ã©ã¹ã®å å·¥ææ³ã®äžçš®ã®ããšããã³ã°ããæœããã°ã©ã¹ãç»å ŽããŸããââš
ãšããã³ã°ã¯ããåæ°ŽçŽ é žã«ããã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ã®è é£ãå©çšããè£ é£Ÿææ³ã
ãã®ææ³ãïŒçš®é¡åãããã¬ãŒã³ã«æ®ãéšåãç¹æ®ã€ã³ã¯ã転åçŽã§ä»çãããŠä¿è·ããææ³ãšã¯ãã¯ã¹ãä»çãããŠä¿è·ããææ³ã®2çš®é¡ã®ææ³ããããŸãã
åŸæ¥ã®ã«ããŒãã€ãŒã«ææ³ã¯çŽåŸïŒmmããæ°10mmã®æ§ã ãªé 補ãã€ãŒã«ã䜿ãåããªãããã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã®è¡šé¢ã«åœ«å»ãæœãææ³ã§å€å€§ãªåŽåãšæéããããã³ã¹ãé«ã®çºããã®ãšããã³ã°ææ³ãéçºãããŸããã
ãšããã³ã°å å·¥ããã现ããªæš¡æ§ãåªçŸããæŒåºããŠããŠãšã¬ã¬ã³ãã§ããð
ãã³ã©ãäœåã®ç»å Žã
ä»ã§ã¯åœããåãšãªã£ãéãå°éæ¥è
ãšã®ã³ã©ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ã§ãããåœæãçããã£ãä»æ¥è
ãšã®ã³ã©ããåãå
¥ããäºã«ããç»æçãªäœå¶ã確ç«ãäœåã«é
åãå¢ããŸããâšâš
æè¿ã®ã³ã©ãã§ã¯ãæ¥æ¬ã§å€§äººæ°ã®æŒ«ç»ã®ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒã®ãã¯ã³ããŒã¹ããããã©ãããããšã®ã³ã©ããæºåž¯é»è©±ã¡ãŒã«ãŒãšã®ã³ã©ããªã©è©±é¡æ§ã«äºæ¬ ããŸãããâšâš
éææ溢ããã¬ã©ã¹ã®èŒããšããã³ãºã®è³ªæãããéåãªä»äžãããšãªã£ãŠããŠããé«çŽæãããŸããâš
ããã
ãã
ããã«ã©ç€Ÿã®å質ãžã®ãã ããã
補é ãããååã®ãã¡æ¶è²»è ã®æã«æž¡ãã®ã¯6å²ãã7å²ã ããã§ãã
å³æ Œãªå質ãã¹ãã®ãããåæ Œãããã®ã®ã¿ãåžå Žã«åºåããšã®ããšã§ãã
æ®ãã®ååã¯å šãŠç Žæ£ãã培åºã¶ãã
ãïœãããã£ãããªã(*_*)ðŠ
ãããé«ãå質ãä¿æããããã®ãã®ã ããã§ãã
ãŸãããã©ã³ã¹ã«ã¯åªããæè¡ãæã€è·äººããã«äžããããè³ãããããã§ããâš
åœå®¶æåªç§è·äººè³ïŒMeilleur Ouvrier de FranceïŒãé称MOFãšåŒã°ããããã§ãã
æ¥æ¬ã§èšãã°äººéåœå®ã«ããã倧å€ãåèªã®ããè³ã§ãã
ãã«ã©ã¯ããã®MOFããªããš50å以äžã茩åºããŠãããçŸåšã¯22ååšç±ããŠãããšã®ããšã§ããâš
ãã«ã©ã£ãŠåãâš
çŸåšã«è³ããŸã§æ§ã ãªææŠããé åçãªãã©ã³ãâšã«ç£šãäžããè·äººéã®æ ç±ãä»æ¥ãŸã§èŒãã倱ããã«ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããð
æ¯éãšããæã«ãšã£ãŠæŽå²ãæããŠé ããã°å¬ããã§ãð
ããã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ã®èµ·æºã
éããªãéæ床ãé«ããçŸããå èŒãã¬ã©ã¹ã¯äººé¡ã«ãããèžè¡åã®ã²ãšã€ã«æ°ããŠããããããããŸããã
ã¬ã©ã¹ã®éãéã£ãéæ床ã¯çåœã®æºã§ãã倧èªç¶ãã湧ãåºãæ°Žã®æž ããã§éæ床ãé«ãäºã«ç±æ¥ããŠãããããããŸããã
倪å€ã®æãæ°Žã¯è²Žéã§ãããçåœãç¶æããããã§ãããããã®ãªãååšã§ããã
Â
ãã®æ°ŽãšéãåãããŠã¬ã©ã¹ã®éæ床ãããçŸããèŒã姿ã¯äœãããå°ãååšã§ãã£ãã«éããããŸããã
Â
ãããããå°ãååšã§ãããã«ã©ã®ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã°ã©ã¹ã®ããŒãã«ãŠã§ã¢ãèªçããã®ã¯ãã©ã³ã¹ã®ãã¬ãŒãå°æ¹å°æ¹ã«ãããã«ã©æã§èªçããŸããã
ããŒãžã¥å±±èããæµãã§ãã ã«ãå·ã®æŸãã§éãéã£ãæ°Žãè±å¯ãªæ°Žéã森æã«å²ãŸãã倧èªç¶ã®æµãŸããç°å¢ã§ãã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ã®åç¹ãšãªããŸããã
Â
Â
倧èªç¶ã®é倧ããèå³ãããã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ã®åç¹ãªãã§ããâš
ã©ããšãªããã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ã«ã¯èªç¶ãªçŸããããããŸããððµ
ããã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ãšäžè¬ã®ã¬ã©ã¹ã®éãã
äžè¬ã®ã¬ã©ã¹ã¯çªç ïŒçŽçœã®ç ïŒãé
žåéãã«ãªãŠã ããœãŒãç°ãšç²Ÿè£œçšã®é
žåéå±ããäœãããŸãã
ããã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ã¯é
žåéã®å«æéãå€ã䜿ãããäºã倧ããªç¹åŸŽã§ãã
Â
ãã®äžã§ãé žåéã24%以äžå«æãããã®ã¯é«çŽåãšæ±ãããŸããããã«ã©ã®ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¯é žåéã30%å«æãä»ã®æåãšã®ãã©ã³ã¹ãä¿ã¡ãã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ã®å質ã«ã€ããŠã¯ä»ãå§åããåªçŸããæããŠãŸããã
ä»ã®ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ãšå·®å¥åãå³ã£ãŠãã©ã³ãã®ç¢ºçããŠãããã§ããã
ãã«ã©ã£ãŠå èŠã®æããããŸããâš
ãããŒãã«ãŠã§ã¢ãšãã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ã®çºå±ã
ããŒãã«ãŠã§ã¢ã£ãŠäœðâ
ã£ãŠæã£ãŠãã£ãããæ¹ãå€ãã®ã§ã¯ãªãã§ããããâ
ç§ããæ¥ããããªãããã®ä»äºãããŸã§ç¥ããŸããã§ãã(*_*)ðŠ
Â
ããŒãã«ãŠã§ã¢ã¯æé£ãæŒé£ãã¢ãã¿ããŒã³ãã£ãŒããã£ããŒãã¹ãŒãã®5ã€ã®é£äºã«åãããããã®ããããã®é£äºã«å¿ èŠãªé£åšãã«ãã©ãªãŒãããŒãã«ãªãã³ãé£åè±ïŒããŒãã«ã®äžå€®ã«çœ®ãè£ é£ŸïŒãã°ã©ã¹ãå«ãããŒãã«ãŠã§ã¢ãšåŒã¶ããã§ãã
ãã®ä»ã®ãã®ãšããŠãã£ã³ãã«ã¹ã¿ã³ãããã£ãŒãµãŒãŽã£ã¹ïŒã³ãŒããŒãçŽ
è¶ãã·ã¥ã¬ãŒããããã¯ãªãŒããŒã®ä¹ã£ããã¬ã€ïŒãå¡©ãè¡æ€ç¶ãªã©é£äºã®çš®é¡ãæ¥å®¢æã®ããŠãªããªã©ã®TPOã«åãããŠé£åã«ç»å ŽããŸãã
Â
5ã€ã®é£äºã«å¿ èŠãªèŠçŽ ã§åžžã«å¿ èŠäžå¯æ¬ ãšããŠç»å Žãããã®ãã°ã©ã¹ã®ååšã§ãã
ãã åã«é£²ã¿ç©ãå
¥ããåšãšããŠã§ã¯ãªããé£åã«åœ©ããäžããŠãããè£
食ã®æå³åããæã€å€§åãªååšã§ãã
Â
é£äºäžã®ã°ã©ã¹ã®çšéã¯åºæ¬3çš®é¡ã§çœã¯ã€ã³ãèµ€ã¯ã€ã³ãæ°Žã§ãå³ããé ã«å€§ãããªãããã«ã»ããã£ã³ã°ããŠããããã§ãã
ããã«ç¥ãäºããããšã·ã£ã³ãã³ãå ¥ããã°ã©ã¹ãè¿œå ããïŒçš®é¡ãšãªããŸãã
ããã«ããã«ããããã®ã°ã©ã¹ãè¿œå ããŠãããŸãã
Â
é£åšã®ç¿ããã€ãããã©ãŒã¯çã®ã«ãã©ãªãŒé¡ã¯åœ¢ãã»ãšãã©å€§ããªå€åã¯ãããŸãããã°ã©ã¹ã®ã»ããã£ã³ã°ã®æ¹æ³ããã¶ã€ã³ã¯çµ¶ããé²åããŠããŸããâïžâš
ã°ã©ã¹ã¯åžžã«é£åã®äžå¿ã§ããäž»äººå ¬ã§ãããšãã£ãŠãéèšã§ã¯ãªãååšã§ããã
17ïœ18äžçŽããããŸã§ã¯æ¥å®¢ãèªãã°ã©ã¹ãæåããŠããããã§ãâš
Â
ãäŸã®è ã䞻人ã«ã°ã©ã¹ãå·®ãåºãã€ãã§ããã£ããšãããšããœãŒããããããã§ãâš
ãŸããã·ã£ã³ãã³ã°ã©ã¹ã¯é¢ã®äžã«åºãäŒããããã«çœ®ããããã®ã䜿çšããŠããããã§ãã
æ¯ãçãããå±éºæ§ãæªç¶ã«é²ããå®å¿ããŠããŠãªãã«é ãããšããç¿æ
£ããããŠãããã§ãã
Â
18äžçŽåã°ã®ãªã«ã¬ã¢ã³å ¬ã»ã«ã€ã»ããªããæ代ã«ãªããšå ã ãšã»ããã£ã³ã°ã§ããããã«ãªããã¯ãŒãåã®ã·ã£ã³ãã³ã°ã©ã¹ã¯ãã«ãŒãåã®ã·ã£ã³ãã³ã°ã©ã¹ã«ãã¶ã€ã³ã代ãããçã£çŽãã«æ°æ³¡ãé·ãç«ã¡æãã·ã£ã³ãã³ã®äœé»ã楜ããããã«ãªããŸããð¶
15äžçŽãšããªããšããã«æŽç·Žããããã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ã倧掻èºããæ代ã«ãªããŸãâš
Â
ãã®æ代ã¯ãã®æåãªãã³ããã¥ãŒã«äŸ¯çµå€«äººã®ãã³ã³ã®é£åèžè¡ã®å°æ¥ã§ãã
å€åœ©è²ã®ãã«ãã«ãŒã«ïŒ1000çš®ã®è±ã®è²åœ©ïŒã®åã«å ã
ãšãã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ãååšæãçŸãããšã«ãªããŸããã
Â
çç±ãšããŠé£äºã®è³ªã®ã¢ãããããŠãªãã®èµ€ã¯ã€ã³ãããçŸããã¿ããçºããã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ã®éæ床ã®é«ããã«ããæè¡ã«ããæš¡æ§ã®ç¹çŽ°ããå
ã®å±æã«ããç¬ç¹ãªèŒãã確åºããååšã«ãªã£ãŠä»æ¥ãŸã§ã®å°äœãç¯ããŠããããšã«ãªããŸããâš
Â
ããããªããçŸãããšç¹çŽ°ããå Œãåãããã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ã¯ãæ±ãæ¹ãé£ããé©ä»»è ãçŸããŠãããã«èŸããŠããŸãããšãå€ãããã§ãã(*_*)
å€ãã®çç±ãšããŠãã«ã©ã°ã©ã¹ã¯é«äŸ¡ã§èæãªã®ã§å²ããããããšã§æåã§æ±ãããšãæããšã®äºã§ãã(*_*)ðŠ
ã°ã©ã¹ã²ãšã€ãšã£ãŠããããªã«ã¹ããŒãªãŒããããã§ããã
ã³ã£ããðâŒïž
ãé£åããèžè¡äœåãžã
Â
19äžçŽã«ã¯ãããã«ã©ç€Ÿã¯ããŒãã«ãŠã§ã¢ã®ã¿ãªãããã·ã£ã³ããªã¢ã宀å
è£
食ã«ã
é²åºãå¯è£å±€ã貎æéçŽãç䟯ãã¡ã®æ³šæãå€ãåããããã«ãªããŸããâš
ãã®äžã§ãã«ã€ã»ãã£ãªãããã·ã£ã«ã«10äžã®çæ¿åŸ©å€æ代ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïœïŒïŒïŒïŒå¹ŽïŒã«ã¯åªçŸãªè£ 食ã倧æµè¡ããŸããâïžâš
ãã«ã©ç€Ÿã®æ倧ã®å£²ãã§ããã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ã¬ã©ã¹ã®éæ床ã®é«ãã¬ã©ã¹ã°ããã§ã¯ãªããäžéæãªä¹³çœè²ãªããŒãªã³ïŒãªããŒã«ã«äŒŒãŠããããšããåä»ããããïŒãAgate(ãã®ãã®ãããª)ã¬ã©ã¹ã1840ïœ1870幎代ã«çµ¶å€§ãªäººæ°ãåŸãŸããã
Â
éã®çžåããçµµä»ããæœãããè£ é£Ÿãæ·¡ããã¹ãã«ã«ã©ãŒãåºèª¿ãšããè²åœ©ãå€ãåãå ¥ããããŸããã
19äžçŽã«å ¥ããšãã«ãžã§ã¯ãžãŒã®æ代ãè±ãå²ãããŸãã
äžè¬ã®å¯è£å±€ãŸã§ãäžæµåãšåŒã°ããåã ãææãããŠãªããæ¥åžžã§æ¥œããããã«ãªããŸããâïžâš
1828幎9æïŒïŒæ¥ãåœçã·ã£ã«ã«10äžããã«ã©æã®æ¥èšªããæããããŠæè¿ãããŸãããððµ
ãçè ã®ã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã«ããšããŠæºãããªããã©ã³ãã確ç«ãããŠãããŸããã
ãããŸã§ã¯åœçèªèº«ãæ°æ¥œã«æ¥èšªãããšãã£ãäºã¯ãªãã£ãã®ã§ããã«ã©æã®äººã ã¯çåä¹±èããŸãã(*^^*)âš
ããã»ã©ãåœçãæ¥èšªãããã£ãŠããšã¯ç¹å¥ãªããšã ã£ããã§ãããð
ãã®æãåœçã«è±ç¶ãç倪åã«ã€ã»ãã»ãã«ãã³ã«æ°Žå·®ããç®äžãããŸããã
47æéããããŠå¶äœãããé«åºŠãªã«ããæè¡ãæœããã°ã©ã¹ã§ããã
ã©ã¡ããäžžåãè§åœ¢ã®å®å®ããåºã®ãããã®ã§ã¡ãã£ãã¹ã¿ã€ã«ãšåŒã°ããŸããã
ä»ã§ã¯ãã«ã©è£œåã§äžè¬çãªã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã§ãããåœæã¯ç»æçã ã£ããã§ããããð
ããã¬ãªã³3äžïŒ1852ïœ1870幎ïŒæ代ã«ã¯é£åã«å€ãã®ã°ã©ã¹ã䞊ã¹ãŠã»ããããã®å ïŒã€ãè²åœ©ã°ã©ã¹ãå ããéã³å¿ãã£ã±ãã®ããŠãªããæµè¡ããŸããã
ãã«ãžã§ã¯ãžãŒã®å¿ãé·²æŽã¿ããçºã豪è¯ããè¯éºããæ±ãããã宀å è£ é£Ÿãªã©æ°ããªåéã®éæã«ãçæãããªã©ç²Ÿåçã«åŸäžã«èžè¡äœåãæ®ãç¶ããŠããŸãã
çŸä»£ã®ä»ã女æ§ã身ã«ä»ããã¢ã¯ã»ãµãªãŒé¡ãã¯ããå°ç©é¡ãšãã£ãåéãŸã§é²åºããŠãããåžžã«é²åãç¶ãããã©ã³ããšããŠç¢ºåºããå°äœãç¯ããŠããŸãâïžâš
ããã«ã©å°éã·ã§ããããåå€ãã€ã»ã³ã
å®å¿ã®äº€æã»è¿åä¿èšŒãµãŒãã¹ãæ¿ããŸãâª
ãä»å¹Žããããã«ã©ã®ã°ã©ã¹ã賌å
¥ãããïŒ
ã§ããªãããé販ã§ååã賌å
¥ããã®ã£ãŠ
ã¡ãã£ãš äžå®ã ããðŠãããâ
ã€ã¡ãŒãžãšéãã£ããã©ãããããã(*_*)ðŠã
ãããªäžå®ã£ãŠçããã«ããããšæããã§ãâ
ç§ã¯ãããªäžå®ããããªãããã
ã§ãé販ã£ãŠäŸ¿å©ã ã
èŸããããªããã§ããããã»ã»ã»
ç§ãåããŠã®ãããã·ã§ããã§è³Œå
¥ããæã¯
ãã¡ãããšå±ãã®ããªãã ãšå¿é
ã«ãªããŸãïŒ
貎æ¹ã®ãããªæ°æã¡ãšã£ãŠãåãããŸãðð
ãããªè²Žæ¹ã«ã
å®å¿ããŠæ¥œãããè²·ããã®ãããŠããã ãããïŒïŒïŒ
ãã®æ³ãããã
åœåºã§ã¯ å®å¿ã®äº€æã»è¿åä¿èšŒãµãŒãã¹ã
ãããŠããã ããŸãâš
詳ããã¯ãã¡ãã§ã玹ä»ããŠãããŸã(^^)âââ